You
might have first noticed an itchy, red patch on your baby’s cheeks,
chin, or chest that she or he scratched until it became even more
irritated. Sound familiar? Or maybe you experienced something similar on
your own neck, inner elbows, or behind your knees.
Eczema can appear anywhere on the body
That’s
probably when you made an appointment with your doctor, who looked at
it, talked to you about your symptoms, asked you questions about your
family history and the types of products you use on your skin and in
your home. Then your doctor told you it was eczema.
So what exactly is eczema? Who can get it and why? And what should you do, now that you or your child has been diagnosed?
Learning
more about what kind of eczema you have and what may have triggered it,
is the best starting point to treating and managing it, so that your
eczema doesn’t get in the way of your everyday life.
The good news
is you’ve come to the right place. We’re here to help guide you — with
all of the tools and support you’ll need — every step of the way.
You're not alone
Over 30 million Americans have eczema
- Understand the differences between eczema and atopic dermatitis
- Learn about the most common eczema causes and triggers – like allergens and stress
- Get tips on how to control your eczema with daily bathing and moisturizing
- Learn more about what makes one moisturizer more effective than another
Sign up to get all the facts about living with eczema
And you'll also get the NEA "Eczema Basics" booklets for adults and children
Types of eczema
Eczema
is the name for a group of conditions that cause the skin to become
red, itchy and inflamed. There are several types of eczema: atopic
dermatitis, contact dermatitis, dyshidrotic eczema, nummular eczema,
seborrheic dermatitis and stasis dermatitis.
Eczema is very common. And in many cases, it’s also manageable. In fact, over 30 million Americans have some form of eczema.
Eczema flares often show up on the backs of the kneesLiving
with eczema can be an ongoing challenge. The word “eczema” is derived
from a Greek word meaning “to boil over,” which is a good description
for the red, inflamed, itchy patches that occur during flare-ups. Eczema
can range from mild, moderate, to severe.
It’s most common for
babies and children to develop eczema on their face (especially the
cheeks and chin), but it can appear anywhere on the body and symptoms
may be different from one child to the next. More often than not, eczema
goes away as a child grows older, though some children will continue to
experience eczema into adulthood.
Adults can develop eczema, too, even if they never had it as a child.
Is eczema contagious?
Eczema is not contagious.
You can’t “catch it” from someone else. While the exact cause of eczema
is unknown, researchers do know that people who develop eczema do so
because of a combination of genes and environmental triggers. When an
irritant or an allergen “switches on” the immune system, skin cells
don’t behave as they should causing an eczema flare-up.
What are the treatments for eczema?
There is no cure for eczema but there are treatments. Depending on age and eczema severity, these treatments include over-the-counter (OTC) remedies, prescription topical medications, phototherapy, immunosuppressants, and biologic drugs. Many people with eczema also find success with specific natural and alternative treatments.
For most types of eczema, managing flares comes down to these basics:
- Know your triggers so that you can avoid exposure
- Implement a daily bathing and moisturizing routine
- Use OTC and prescription medication consistently and as prescribed
What are the symptoms of eczema?
The
most important thing to remember is that eczema and its symptoms are
different for everyone. Your eczema may not look the same on you as it
does on another adult, or on your child. It may even appear in different
areas of the body at different times.
Eczema
is usually itchy. For many people, the itch is usually only mild, or
moderate. But in some cases it can become much worse and you might
develop extremely inflamed skin. Sometimes the itch gets so bad that
people scratch it until it bleeds, which can make your eczema worse.
This is called the “itch-scratch cycle.”
What to look for:
- Dry, sensitive skin
- Red, inflamed skin
- Very bad itching
- Dark colored patches of skin
- Rough, leathery or scaly patches of skin
- Oozing or crusting
- Areas of swelling
You
might have all of these symptoms of eczema or only just a few. You
might have some flare ups or your symptoms could go away entirely. But
the only way to know if you have eczema for sure, is to visit your
doctor so he or she can look at your skin and ask you about your
symptoms.
Atopic dermatitis on the ankles and feet of an adult male.
What is the difference between eczema and atopic dermatitis?
Eczema
is a general term for dermatitis, which simply means inflammation of
the skin. All types of eczema cause itching and redness and some will
blister, weep or peel.
There are several types of eczema. Atopic dermatitis considered a severe and chronic (long-lasting) form.
The
term “eczema” is often used interchangeably with “atopic dermatitis.”
However, each type of eczema, including atopic dermatitis, has somewhat
different triggers, symptoms and treatments. That’s why it’s important
to know which type or types (since a person can have more than one type
at the same time) you have, so that you are best able to manage it.